步态识别是从步行或跑步等两足动力中识别人类的过程。因此，步态数据是隐私敏感信息，应在可能的情况下匿名化。随着高质量步态记录技术的兴起，例如深度摄像头或运动捕获西服，捕获和处理越来越多的详细步态数据。 Metaverse的介绍和崛起只是一种流行的应用程序场景，在该方案中，用户步态被转移到数字化头像上。作为开发高质量步态数据有效匿名技术的第一步，我们研究了运动数据的不同方面，以量化其对步态识别的贡献。我们首先从有关人步态感知的文献中提取特征类别，然后为每个类别设计实验，以评估它们所包含的信息有助于识别成功。我们的结果表明，步态匿名化将具有挑战性，因为数据是高度冗余和相互依存的。

Recent object detection models for infrared (IR) imagery are based upon deep neural networks (DNNs) and require large amounts of labeled training imagery. However, publicly-available datasets that can be used for such training are limited in their size and diversity. To address this problem, we explore cross-modal style transfer (CMST) to leverage large and diverse color imagery datasets so that they can be used to train DNN-based IR image based object detectors. We evaluate six contemporary stylization methods on four publicly-available IR datasets - the first comparison of its kind - and find that CMST is highly effective for DNN-based detectors. Surprisingly, we find that existing data-driven methods are outperformed by a simple grayscale stylization (an average of the color channels). Our analysis reveals that existing data-driven methods are either too simplistic or introduce significant artifacts into the imagery. To overcome these limitations, we propose meta-learning style transfer (MLST), which learns a stylization by composing and tuning well-behaved analytic functions. We find that MLST leads to more complex stylizations without introducing significant image artifacts and achieves the best overall detector performance on our benchmark datasets.

Dialogue State Tracking (DST), a key component of task-oriented conversation systems, represents user intentions by determining the values of pre-defined slots in an ongoing dialogue. Existing approaches use hand-crafted templates and additional slot information to fine-tune and prompt large pre-trained language models and elicit slot values from the dialogue context. Significant manual effort and domain knowledge is required to design effective prompts, limiting the generalizability of these approaches to new domains and tasks. In this work, we propose DiSTRICT, a generalizable in-context tuning approach for DST that retrieves highly relevant training examples for a given dialogue to fine-tune the model without any hand-crafted templates. Experiments with the MultiWOZ benchmark datasets show that DiSTRICT outperforms existing approaches in various zero-shot and few-shot settings using a much smaller model, thereby providing an important advantage for real-world deployments that often have limited resource availability.

机器学习（ML）鲁棒性和域的概括从根本上相关：它们基本上涉及对抗和自然设置下的数据分布变化。一方面，最近的研究表明，更健壮的（受对抗训练）模型更为普遍。另一方面，缺乏对其基本联系的理论理解。在本文中，我们探讨了考虑到不同因素（例如规范正规化和数据增强）（DA）等不同因素的正则化和域转移性之间的关系。我们提出了一个一般的理论框架，证明涉及模型函数类正则化的因素是相对域可传递性的足够条件。我们的分析意味着``鲁棒性''既不必需，也不足以使其可转移性；而正规化是理解域可转移性的更基本的观点。然后，我们讨论流行的DA协议（包括对抗性培训），并显示何时可以将其视为功能在某些条件下进行类正则化并因此改善了概括。我们进行了广泛的实验以验证我们的理论发现，并显示了几个反例，其中鲁棒性和概括在不同的数据集上呈负相关。